NMR of Oriented Molecules, History

NMR of Oriented Molecules
History of Research

1963: Alfred Saupe (Physical Institute, University of Freiburg) and Gerhard Englert (Institute fur Elektrowerkstoffe) in Freiburg describing the first high-resolution proton spectrum from a liquid crystalline sample.; They received 21 October 1963 a paper to "Physical Review Letters", named "High-Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra of Orientated Molecules", which published 15 November 1963 in number 10 of volume 11.; that of benzene dissolved in a nematic solvent
1964: Lawrence C. Snyder and Ernest W. Anderson (Bell Telephone Laboratories, Murray Hill, New Jersey) interpreted the proton NMR spectrum of Benzene and Hexafluorobenzene; W.D.Phillips, J.C.Rowell, and L.R.Melby (E.I.du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Delaware). Quadrupole splittings in the deuterium magnetic resonance spectra of liquid crystals
1965: L.C.Snyder. The determination of molecular structure by computer simulation of NMR spectra of molecules (monofluorobenzene) in liquid crystal solvents; J.C.Rowell, W.D.Phillips, L.R.Melby, and M.Panar. NMR studies of some liquid crystal systems
1966: Lawrence C.Snyder and Saul Meiboom. Splittings of tetrahedral molecules (TMS, neopentane) in a nematic solvent
1967: James W. Emsley (University of Southampton) acquired a Varian HA-100 spectrometer; Chunny Lal Khetrapal had come to Bazel as a postdoctoral fellow in Diehl's group; Peter Diehl in University of Bazel with his postdoc Chunny Lal Khetrapal from India begins his investigations; A.D.Buckingham and Elliot E.Burnell (School of Chemistry, Bristol University). Chemical shift anisotropies from NMR studies of oriented molecules; R.A.Bernheim and B.J.Lavery (Pennsylvania State University). Absolute signs of indirect nuclear spin-spin coupling constants; K.D.Lawson and T.J.Flautt. Lyotropic liquid crystalline phases NMR; Ceasar S.Yannoni and E.B.Whipple. Carbon-13 NMR of enriched methyl iodide
1968: Dependence of the spectra on the temperature, concentration, and spinning speed of the samples; P.Diehl and C.L.Khetrapal. Isotope effects on orientation. Monodeuterobenzene
1969: Diehl P., Khetrapal C.L. Review "NMR Studies of Molecules Oriented in the Nematic Phase of liquid crystals." in the series "NMR: Basic Principles and Progress", eds. P.Diehl, E.Fluck, and R.Kosfeld, Springer, Berlin, 1969, 1, 1-95. (Citation Classic in ??); Gerhard Englert and Alfred Saupe. Combination of the structural data obtained by the microvawe spectroscopy and liquid crystal NMR Spectroscopy (Mol.Cryst.Liq.Cryst., 1969, 8, 233-245)
1971: Peter Diehl, S.Sykora and J.Vogt. Program STREAK for automatic analysis of spectra.
197?: John Lindon came as a postdoc to J.W.Emsley in University of Southampton
1974: P.Diehl, S.Sykora, W.Niederberger, E.E.Burnell. Multiple sity situation, observed for acetylene
1975: J.W.Emsley and J.Lindon published a book "NMR Using Liquid Crystalline Solvents
1978: G.Binsch with D.S.Stephenson created a program DANSOM for automatic analysis a spectra of oriented molecules; P.Diehl and M.Reinold. Isotope effects on the deuterium quadrupole coupling constants in benzenes.
1979: P.Diehl, H.Bosiger, H.Zimmermann. Correlation between deformations of methane and benzene.; Program VIBR for the correction of direct couplings for vibrational motion, created by S.Sykora, J.Vogt, H.Bosiger, and P.Diehl
1980: T.C.Wong and L.J.Altman. Isotope efeects on the molecular structure. Tritium-benzene.
1981: J.Courtieu, D.W.Alderman, and D.M.Grant: Spinning near the magic angles as a means of obtaining first-order dipolar NMR spectra of molecules dissolved in liquid crystal solvents; C.L.Khetrapal and A.C.Kunwar: Mixed liquid crystals with opposite diamagnetic anisotropies; David Rankin (University of Edinburgh). Combined analysis of Electron Diffraction and Liquid Crystal NMR data
1982: E.E.Burnell and C.A.de Lange. Study of H2, HD, and D2
1983: J.Jokisaari and Y.Hiltunen. C-13 methane as a deformation and chemical shift reference; J.G.Snijders, C.A.de Lange and E.E.Burnell. Liquid crystals with different signs of electric field gradients; James W. Emsley (University of Southampton) and Alberto Veracini (University of Piza) organized a NATO Advanced Study Institute at San Miniato (Italy) on the NMR of Liquid Crystals; A.G.Avent. Simplification of the spectra by the induction of multiple quantum transitions.
1984: J.Lounila and Peter Diehl. Deformation theory.
1987: J.Lounila, R.Wasser and Peter Diehl. Program AVIBR for anharmonic corrections.
1989: E.Lafontaine, J.P.Bayle and J.Courtieu. Visualization of enantiomers in cholesteric solvents; R.Wasser, M.Kellerhals and Peter Diehl modified VIBR and Shape programs alghoritms and provides the program MASTER for molecular structure determination with corrections for harmonic vibrations and for deformations.
1991: D.Catalano, L.Di Bari, C.A.Veracini, G.N.Shilstone, C.Zannoni. Maximum entropy method applied for biphenyl structure determination